How does Java dynamically allocate and manage memory for arrays?

"The use of the keyword new dynamically allocates memory space (on the heap) for the array. Because Java has automated garbage collection, if the reference to the array goes out of scope, it is automatically cleaned up by the JVM. This process is automated and essentially transparent to us. There are sophisticated algorithms and heuristics at work that determine the “optimal” time to perform garbage collection.\n\n1 int arr[];\n\n2 //create a new array of size 10:\n\n3 arr = new arr[10];\n\n4 //lose the reference by explicitly setting it to null:\n\n5 arr = null;\n\n6 //all references to the old memory are now lost and it is\n\n7 //eligible for garbage collection\n\n8\n\n9 //we can also allocate new memory:\n\n10 arr = new arr[20];"