What types of financial institutions provide banking, lending, and savings services?

"A bank charter is an operating license issued to a bank by the federal government or a state government; it is required for a commercial bank to do business. Commercial banks are profit-oriented financial institutions that accept deposits, make business and consumer loans, invest in government and corporate securities, and provide other financial services. Credit unions are not-for-profit, member-owned financial cooperatives. Thrift institutions are depository institutions formed specifically to encourage household saving and to make home mortgage loans. Pension funds are large pools of money set aside by corporations, unions, and governments for later use in paying retirement benefits to their employees or members. Financial intermediation is the process in which financial institutions act as intermediaries between the suppliers and demanders of funds. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) is an independent, quasi-public corporation backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government that insures deposits in commercial banks and thrift institutions for up to a ceiling of $250,000 per account."