What are the four types of planning?

"Planning is deciding what needs to be done, identifying when and how it will be done, and determining who should do it. Managers use four different types of planning: strategic, tactical, operational, and contingency planning. Strategic planning involves creating long-range (one to five years), broad goals and determining the necessary resources to accomplish those goals. Tactical planning has a shorter time frame (less than one year) and more specific objectives that support the broader strategic goals. The process of creating specific standards, methods, policies, and procedures that are used in specific functional areas of the organization helps guide and control the implementation of tactical plans. Operational planning involves managers designing and carrying out operation plans for the ongoing daily activities of the firm. The process of beginning to implement a strategic plan by addressing issues of coordination and allocating resources to different parts of the organization has a shorter time frame (less than one year) and more specific objectives than strategic planning."