"Java allows you to declare and use arrays. Since Java is statically typed, arrays must also be typed when they are declared and may only hold that particular type of element. Since Java has automated garbage collection, memory management is greatly simplified. Finally, in Java, only locally scoped primitives and references are allocated on the program call stack. As such, there are no static arrays; all arrays are allocated in the heap space.\n\nTo declare an array reference, you use syntax similar to declaring a regular variable, but you use square brackets to designate the variable as an array. Arrays for any type of variable can be created including primitives and objects.\n\nint arr[] = null;\n\ndouble values[] = null;\n\nString names[] = null;\n\nThis example only declares 3 references that can refer to an array, it doesn’t actually create them as the references are all set to null. To create arrays of a particular size, we need to initialize them using the keyword new.\n\narr = new int[10];\n\nvalues = new double[20];\n\nnames = new String[5];\n\nYou may see code examples that use the alternative notation int[] arr = null;. Both are acceptable. Some would argue that this way is more correct because it keeps the brackets with the type, avoiding the type-variable name-type separation in our example. Those preferring the int arr[] = null; notation would argue that it is “more natural” because that is how we ultimately index the array. Six of one, half-dozen of the other.\n\nEach of these initializations creates a new array (allocated on the heap) of the specified size (10, 20, and 5 respectively). These arrays can only hold values of the specified type, int, double, and String respectively. The default value for each element in these new arrays will be zero for the numeric types and null for object types. Alternatively, you could use a compound declaration/assignment syntax to initialize specific values:\n\nint arr[] = { 2, 3, 5, 7, 11 };\n\nUsing this syntax we do not need to specify the size of the array as the compiler is smart enough to count the number of elements we’ve provided. The elements themselves are denoted inside curly brackets and delimited with commas. For both types of syntax, the actual array is always allocated on the heap while the reference variables, arr, values, and names are stored in the program call stack."