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Innocent Purchasers

Innocent Purchasers (Property · Since) — "43 U.S.C. s 687a (1970) does not prohibit alienation, we hold that at the time Lowery executed the deed to the Horvat…

Ideas in this flowchart

  • Validité et priorité des intérêts fonciers concurrents transmis par actes de renonciation
  • Le 43 U.S.C. s 687a (1970) n’interdit pas l’aliénation du bien.
  • Lowery avait suffisamment respecté la loi pour détenir un intérêt foncier susceptible d’être transmis.
  • Les Horvaths ont donc reçu de Lowery un intérêt valable dans le bien.
  • Le litige porte ensuite sur la priorité entre l’intérêt enregistré en premier des Horvaths et celui, enregistré plus tard, des Sabos.
  • Selon l’AS 34.15.290, un acquéreur ultérieur innocent, ayant payé une contrepartie valable et ayant enregistré son acte en premier, peut primer un acte antérieur.
  • La question centrale est de savoir si un bénéficiaire d’un acte de renonciation peut être un acquéreur innocent.
  • Un acte de renonciation ne transfère que l’intérêt détenu par le cédant et peut soulever une question de connaissance implicite.
  • La règle majoritaire admet la protection d’un bénéficiaire d’un acte de renonciation s’il a payé une contrepartie valable et n’avait aucune connaissance réelle ou implicite.
  • La cour adopte cette règle : un bénéficiaire d’un acte de renonciation n’est pas empêché d’obtenir le statut d’acquéreur innocent.
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Innocent Purchasers

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"43 U.S.C. s 687a (1970) does not prohibit alienation, we hold that at the time Lowery executed the deed to the Horvaths he had complied with the statute to a sufficient extent so as to have an interest in the land which was capable of conveyance. Since the Horvaths received a valid interest from Lowery, we must now resolve the conflict between the Horvaths’ first recorded interest and the Sabos’ later recorded interest. The Sabos, like the Horvaths, received their interest in the property by a quitclaim deed. They are asserting that their interest supersedes the Horvaths under Alaska’s statutory recording system. AS 34.15.290 provides that: A conveyance of real property … is void as against a subsequent innocent purchaser … for a valuable consideration of the property … whose conveyance is first duly recorded. An unrecorded instrument is valid … as against one who has actual notice of it. Initially, we must decide whether the Sabos, who received their interest by means of a quitclaim deed, can ever be ‘innocent purchaser(s)’ within the meaning of AS 34.15.290. Since a ‘quitclaim’ only transfers the interest of the grantor, the question is whether a ‘quitclaim’ deed itself puts a purchaser on constructive notice. Although the authorities are in conflict over this issue, the clear weight of authority is that a quitclaim grantee can be protected by the recording system, assuming, of course, the grantee purchased for valuable consideration and did not otherwise have actual or constructive knowledge as defined by the recording laws. We choose to follow the majority rule and hold that a quitclaim grantee is not precluded from attaining the status of an ‘innocent purchaser.’"

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