Ideas in this flowchart

• A normalized quantity is a quantity related to a reference value of the same kind.
• It is formed by dividing a quantity by a standard, total, or reference value.
• The reference value must be of the same kind as the quantity.
• Examples include percentages, proportions, concentrations, frequencies, and probabilities.
• Normalized quantities may be expressed as ratios, decimals, percentages, per mil, parts per million, or parts per billion.
• Normalization often makes a relationship general.
• A generalized relationship can be rescaled to another population or system.