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Electrolytes

Electrolytes (Human Nutrition · Summary of Major Minerals) — "Sodium sources include processed foods, table salt, pork, and chicken. Intake should be less than…

Ideas in this flowchart

  • Funciones, fuentes y límites de sodio, potasio y cloruro
  • Sodio
  • Fuentes: alimentos procesados, sal de mesa, cerdo y pollo.
  • Ingesta: menos de 2.300 mg/día e idealmente 1.500 mg/día; límite superior de 2.300 mg/día.
  • Es un ion positivo extracelular importante para la transmisión nerviosa, la contracción muscular y el equilibrio de líquidos.
  • La deficiencia puede causar calambres musculares, especialmente con exceso de agua, sudoración intensa, vómitos o diarrea.
  • La toxicidad puede causar presión arterial alta.
  • Potasio
  • Fuentes: frutas, verduras, legumbres, cereales integrales y leche.
  • Ingesta recomendada: 4.700 mg/día.
  • Es un ion positivo intracelular importante para la transmisión nerviosa, la contracción muscular y el equilibrio de líquidos.
  • La deficiencia puede causar latidos cardíacos irregulares y calambres musculares; el riesgo aumenta con dietas ricas en carnes procesadas o con vómitos y diarrea.
  • La toxicidad puede causar latidos cardíacos anormales y no se especifica un límite superior.
  • Cloruro
  • Fuentes: sal de mesa y alimentos procesados.
  • Ingesta: menos de 3.600 mg/día e idealmente 2.300 mg/día; límite superior de 3.600 mg/día.
  • Es un ion negativo extracelular importante para el equilibrio de líquidos.
  • La deficiencia es poco probable y no se especifican grupos en riesgo.
  • No se informa toxicidad.
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Electrolytes

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Human Nutrition

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"Sodium sources include processed foods, table salt, pork, and chicken. Intake should be less than 2,300 mg/day and ideally 1,500 mg/day. Sodium is a major positive extracellular ion involved in nerve transmission, muscle contraction, and fluid balance. Muscle cramps may occur with deficiency, particularly among people consuming too much water, sweating excessively, or experiencing vomiting or diarrhea. Toxicity may cause high blood pressure, and the upper limit is 2,300 mg/day. Potassium sources include fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, and milk, with a recommended intake of 4,700 mg/day. Potassium is a major positive intracellular ion involved in nerve transmission, muscle contraction, and fluid balance. Deficiency may cause irregular heartbeat and muscle cramps, while toxicity may cause abnormal heartbeat. People consuming diets high in processed meats or experiencing vomiting or diarrhea are at risk, and no upper limit is specified. Chloride sources include table salt and processed foods. Intake should be less than 3,600 mg/day and ideally 2,300 mg/day. Chloride is a major negative extracellular ion involved in fluid balance. Deficiency is unlikely, no groups are specified as being at risk, no toxicity is listed, and the upper limit is 3,600 mg/day."

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