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Reference Intakes

Reference Intakes (Human Nutrition · Fluoride) — "The IOM has given Adequate Intakes (AI) for fluoride, but has not yet developed RDAs. The AIs are based on th…

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  • Dietary Reference Intakes for fluoride established by the IOM
  • The IOM has established Adequate Intakes (AI) but has not developed Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA).
  • The AI values are based on fluoride doses that reduce cavities without causing dental fluorosis.
  • AI and UL values vary by life stage and sex.
  • Infants aged 0–6 months: AI 0.01 mg/day and UL 0.7 mg/day.
  • Infants aged 6–12 months: AI 0.50 mg/day and UL 0.9 mg/day.
  • Children aged 1–3 years: AI 0.70 mg/day and UL 1.3 mg/day.
  • Children aged 4–8 years: AI 1.00 mg/day and UL 2.2 mg/day.
  • Children aged 9–13 years: AI 2.00 mg/day and UL 10.0 mg/day.
  • Adolescents aged 14–18 years: AI 3.00 mg/day and UL 10.0 mg/day.
  • Adult males over 19 years: AI 4.00 mg/day and UL 10.0 mg/day.
  • Adult females over 19 years: AI 3.00 mg/day and UL 10.0 mg/day.
  • From infancy through adolescence, the AI is described as increasing with age.
  • The narrative summary states an AI of 2 mg/day for ages 14–18, while the table lists 3.00 mg/day.
  • For young children, the UL is stated as 1.3 mg/day for girls and 2.2 mg/day for boys.
  • For adults, the UL is 10 mg/day.
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Reference Intakes

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Human Nutrition

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"The IOM has given Adequate Intakes (AI) for fluoride, but has not yet developed RDAs. The AIs are based on the doses of fluoride shown to reduce the incidence of cavities, but not cause dental fluorosis. From infancy to adolescence, the AIs for fluoride increase from 0.01 milligrams per day for ages less than six months to 2 milligrams per day for those between the ages of fourteen and eighteen. In adulthood, the AI for males is 4 milligrams per day and for females is 3 milligrams per day. The UL for young children is set at 1.3 and 2.2 milligrams per day for girls and boys, respectively. For adults, the UL is set at 10 milligrams per day. Dietary Reference Intakes for Fluoride: Infants (0–6 months), AI 0.01 mg/day and UL 0.7 mg/day; infants (6–12 months), AI 0.50 mg/day and UL 0.9 mg/day; children (1–3 years), AI 0.70 mg/day and UL 1.3 mg/day; children (4–8 years), AI 1.00 mg/day and UL 2.2 mg/day; children (9–13 years), AI 2.00 mg/day and UL 10.0 mg/day; adolescents (14–18 years), AI 3.00 mg/day and UL 10.0 mg/day; adult males over 19 years, AI 4.00 mg/day and UL 10.0 mg/day; adult females over 19 years, AI 3.00 mg/day and UL 10.0 mg/day."

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