"DL models are also advancing our ability to model gene regulation, enabling the prediction of gene expression directly from DNA sequences and aiding the interpretation of non-coding variants—genetic changes that occur outside protein-coding regions but can still affect how genes are regulated and expressed (1033)Barbadilla-Martinez L, et al. (2025) Nat Rev Genet.. Researchers have developed a DL model that analyzes transcriptomic data from more than 50,000 tumors across 18 cancer types to uncover patterns in gene activity that reflect important differences between cancers. These patterns help link specific molecular features to immune responses, cancer subtypes, and patient outcomes (1034)Qiu W, et al. (2025) Nat Biomed Eng, 9: 333.. As these technologies advance, their integration into cancer research will provide new insights into cancer biology and accelerate future discoveries."