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If you want to become a senior software engineer, these are five system design concepts that you should know. If you need to scale your database to handle more users, you can either vertically or horizontally scale your database. Vertically scaling means getting a bigger server and it's a simpler option, while horizontally scaling spreads the load by adding more servers. You should be familiar with concepts like sharding and knowing when to use read-write replicas. Message queues allow your services to hand off work and assume it will be processed later. goes down, the entire app is still up and running. It's great for services that have spiky traffic patterns, where a little bit of delay is totally okay. Sometimes you need to prevent people from calling your services. Rate limiting caps how many requests a user can send at a time. If certain APIs are expensive, you want a way to prevent bad actors from abusing your system. You should be familiar with different types of rate limiting algorithms, like Fixed Window or Token Bucket, and when to use each one. Microservices splits your app into smaller pieces that can run and specific features of your app experiences more traffic, and as your team starts to get bigger. Microservices does add more complexity to your app, and teams need to manage more infrastructure, and we now have to consider API gateways for our application. But the scaling benefits of going to microservices makes this transition worth it. An app without observability is like driving a car in the middle of the night without any headlights. You need a way to know if your app is up and running, and have a way to know when things go wrong. Concepts like logs, metrics, ability can save your company millions of dollars of lost revenue. These were five system design concepts that you should know as a senior software engineer. Comment down below what other ones I should cover next.

If you want to become a senior software engineer, these are five system design concepts that you should know. If you need to scale your database to handle more…