"153 or anus. However, substantial numbers of people who carry these viruses have no or only minimal signs or symptoms. Neither HSV - 1 nor HSV - 2 can be cured, and even during times when an infected person has no symptoms, the v irus can be found in the body’s nerve cells. Periodically, some people will experience outbreaks in which new blisters form on the skin in the genital area; at those times, the virus is more likely to be passed on to other people. Pregnant women, especiall y those who acquire genital herpes for the first time during pregnancy, may pass the infection to their newborns, causing life - threatening neonatal HSV, an infection affecting the infant’s skin, brain, and other organs. HIV/AIDS HIV, or the human immunodef iciency virus, is the virus that causes AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). HIV destroys the body’s immune system by killing the blood cells that fight infection. Once HIV destroys a substantial proportion of these cells (CD4 cells), the body’s abil ity to fight off and recover from infections is compromised. This advanced stage of HIV infection is known as AIDS. The CD4 count is like a snapshot of how well your immune system is functioning. CD4 cells (also known as CD4+ T cells) are white blood cells that fight infection. The more you have, the better. These are the cells that the HIV virus kills. As HIV infection progresses, the number of these cells declines. When the CD4 count drops below 200 due to advanced HIV disease, a person is diagnosed with AIDS. A normal range for CD4 cells is about 500 - 1,500. Usually, when a person with low CD4 cells starts HIV medicines, the CD4 cell count increases as the HIV virus is controlled. Most, but not all, people will experience an increase in CD4 cells with effe ctive HIV treatment. People whose HIV has progressed to AIDS are very susceptible to opportunistic infections that do not normally make people sick and to certain forms of cancer. AIDS can be prevented by early initiation of antiretroviral therapy in those with HIV infection. Transmission of the virus primarily occurs during unprotected sexual activity and by sharing needles used to inject intravenous drugs, although the virus also can spread from mother to infant during pregnancy, delivery, and breastfeedi ng. In 2013, NIH - supported researchers reported that a 2 - year - old child who was born with HIV and was treated starting in the first few days of life has had her HIV infection go into remission. This appears to be the first case of functional cure of HIV . H uman Papillomavirus (HPV) HPV is the most common STD/STI. More than 40 HPV types exist, and all of them can infect both men and women. The types of HPVs vary in their ability to cause genital warts; infect"