"Why would we include an introduction to the ethics of epigenetics in an introductory bioethics textbook? Is epigenetics not a highly technical specialization of biology, hardly accessible to undergraduate students coming to bioethics from other disciplines? We hope to explain the basics of epigenetics in a simplified, understandable fashion in this chapter, because an ethical discussion of epigenetics may be illuminating for bioethics students in at least two ways: • Epigenetics is an interesting case study to discuss the social and ethical implications of scientific progress in a domain that shows an intricate connection between our body and our environment, or our biology and our biography. • It allows us to demonstrate that scientific research projects are never value- neutral: in the case of epigenetics, findings can be employed to bolster a wide variety of claims with regards to individual or societal responsibilities, and the priorities of the research also reveal what societies value and want to prevent."